Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration tool used for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. This tutorial will guide you through the process of installing Kubernetes on the latest version of POP! OS.
Before you start, make sure the following prerequisites are met:
The first thing you need to do is run an update on your system. To do this, open a terminal and run the following command:
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
This command updates the package lists and installs any updates for installed packages.
Kubernetes uses Docker as a container runtime. To install Docker, run the following command in your terminal:
sudo apt install docker.io -y
This command installs Docker along with all its dependencies.
After installing Docker, the next step is to install Kubernetes. Run the following commands in your terminal:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https curl
This command installs the necessary packages to add Kubernetes repositories to the system.
Next, add the Kubernetes signing key:
curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
Then add the Kubernetes repository:
sudo touch /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo echo "deb http://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo apt-get update
Finally, install Kubernetes:
sudo apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
Kubelet is the core Kubernetes component for communicating with the Docker API. Kubeadm is a CLI tool for bootstrapping Kubernetes clusters. Kubectl is a CLI tool for managing Kubernetes clusters.
After installing Kubernetes, initialize it with the following command:
sudo kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
This command initializes the Kubernetes control plane and creates the necessary certificates and configurations. It also sets up a pod network.
Copy the kubeconfig file to your home directory:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
This command ensures that Kubernetes can reach and manipulate your cluster by placing the kubeconfig file in your home directory. It also sets correct permissions.
Before you can start deploying applications to the cluster, you need to install a pod network add-on. Without a pod network, the pod-to-pod communication cannot take place.
We will use Flannel as a pod network add-on. Run the following command to install:
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
This command applies Flannel’s YAML file to the cluster.
Now that you have Kubernetes up and running with Flannel as a pod network add-on, you can start deploying applications to the cluster.
To create a deployment, you need to create a YAML file with the deployment specifications. Here’s an example YAML file for deploying a simple nginx web server:
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
replicas: 4
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
ports:
- containerPort: 80
Save the YAML file and create the deployment with the following command:
kubectl apply -f <yaml-file-name>.yaml
This command applies the YAML file to the cluster and deploys the nginx web server.
Congratulations! You have successfully installed Kubernetes on the latest version of POP! OS and deployed an nginx web server.
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